| Total
Child Labour |
NATIONAL STATISTICS
* For the year
2000, 1492000 children between 15-19 years were economically active.
(ILO, Yearbook of Labour Statistics, 2001)
* For the year
2000, the ILO projects that there will be 0 economically active
children between the ages of 10-14. (ILO,
International Labour Office - Bureau of Statistics, Economically
Active Population 1950-2010, STAT Working Paper, ILO 1997)
* 1,434,000 teenagers
between 15-19 years are economically active. (ILO,
Yearbook of Labour Statistics, 1999)
*
In 1995, there were 0 economically active children between the ages
of 10-14. (ILO, International Labour Office - Bureau of Statistics, Economically Active Population 1950-2010, STAT Working Paper, ILO 1997)
GENERAL
NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS
* The legal working
age is 15 years. Children of 13-14 years can work in farms or delivery.
(US
Dept of State, Human Rights Report, 1998)
|
| Child
Slavery |
GENERAL NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS
* No reports of forced
child labour have been filed. (US
Dept of State, Human Rights Report, 1998)
|
| Child
Trafficking |
NATIONAL
STATISTICS
* At least 200 women,
including girls under the age of 16, were trafficked by one Polish man
to Germany and the Netherlands between 1993 and 1996. (CATW
Fact Book, citing European Conference on Trafficking in Women, Trafficking
of Women to the European Union, June 1996, citing Warsaw Voice)
ADULT STATISTICS
*
Germany is a destination and transit country for trafficked women.
Estimates vary considerably on the number of women and girls trafficked
to and through the country, ranging between 2,000 and 20,000 per
year. (US Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 1999, 25 February 2000)
*
According to police statistics, less than one-half of one percent
of trafficking victims are men or boys. 80% of trafficking victims
come from Eastern Europe and the countries of the former Soviet
Union, primarily from Poland, Ukraine, and the Czech Republic. The
other 20% of trafficking victims come from south-east Asia, Africa,
and Latin America. (US Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 1999, 25 February 2000)
* According to various
reports, some 3,500 Bulgarian women are trafficked to Poland, thousands
to the Netherlands and the Czech Republic, while others are trafficked to
Germany, Belgium, Canada, Serbia-Montenegro, Romania, Hungary, TFYR Macedonia,
Italy, Greece, Cyprus, and Turkey. (US Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 1999, 25 February 2000)
* 15,000 Russians and
Eastern European women are engaged in prostitution in Germany.
(Global
Survival Network, Gillian Caldwell et al, Crime & Servitude, 1997)
* Between 60 and 80%
of the women trafficked into Germany come from Eastern Europe, Russia,
and the Newly Independent States. (Global
Survival Network, Gillian Caldwell et al, Crime & Servitude, 1997)
* In Germany, 75% of
the prostitutes are foreigners. (CATW
Fact Book, citing "Trafficking of Women to the European Union", European
Conference on Trafficking in Women, June 1996)
*
1,094 cases of trafficking were reported in 1996, compared to 517 in 1993.
(CATW
Fact Book, citing "German police swoop on suspected sex slavery ring",
Reuters, 19 March 1998, citing Germany's federal criminal investigation
office)
GENERAL NOTES AND
OBSERVATIONS
*
Most trafficking victims are women and girls between the ages of
16 and 25 who are forced to work as prostitutes. According to police
statistics, less than 1/2 of 1% of trafficking victims are men or
boys. (US
Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 2000,
February 2001)
* Germany is
primarily a transit and destination country for women and girls
trafficked from Ukraine, Poland, Russia, and other states of the
former Soviet Union and Central Europe for purposes of sexual exploitation.
Victims often are trafficked through Germany to other EU countries.
.According to the Federal Office for Criminal Investigation, 257
cases of trafficking were investigated at federal and state levels
in 1999. (US
Dept. of State, Trafficking in Persons Report, July 12, 2001)
* Germany, Israel, the
Netherlands, Denmark, and Austria are major destinations for women trafficked
from Lithuania, based on the figures of women subsequently deported from
these countries to Lithuania. (US Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 1999, 25 February 2000)
* A report issued by
the Ministry of Interior of Slovakia on trafficking states that Slovakia
is only a transit country for persons being trafficked mainly to Austria,
the Czech Republic, and Germany for the purpose of forced prostitution.
(US Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 1999, 25 February 2000)
* Homeless children in
Romania have increasingly been trafficked under false pretenses and forced
into prostitution in Berlin and Hamburg, Germany and Amsterdam, Holland.
(CATW
Fact Book, citing Save the Children, Albert Clack, "Romania: Life on the
Streets", 1998)
* The German Federal
Department of Criminal Investigation estimates that 5% of the women
trafficked from Eastern Europe are younger than 18.
(Global
Survival Network, Gillian Caldwell et al, Crime & Servitude, 1997)
* Germany is one of the
most popular destinations in Europe for women trafficked from Ukraine and
Russia. (CATW
Fact Book, citing Global Survival Network, Vladmir Isachenkov, "Soviet Women
Slavery Flourishes", AP, 6 November 1997)
* Prostitution trade
networks provide Colombian women for the markets in Spain, Britain, Germany,
Belgium and the United States. (CATW
Fact Book, citing Gustavo Capdevila, IPS, 2 April 1997, citing Radhika Coomaraswamy,
UN Special Report on Violence Against Women)
* The second largest
migrant group of women in prostitution is from Latin America, mostly from
the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela and Brazil. Dominican
women are confined to apartments, while those from Ecuador work in the
street, or in bars and cabarets. (CATW
Fact Book, citing Licia Brussa, "Transnational AIDS Prevention Among Migrant
Prostitutes in Europe", TAMPEP, 1996)
* The main concentrations
of prostituted Dominican women working abroad are in Austria, Curacao, Germany,
Greece, Haiti, Italy, the Netherlands, Panama, Puerto Rico, Spain, Switzerland,
Venezuela and the West Indies. (CATW
Fact Book, citing "Trafficking in Women from the Dominican Republic for
Sexual Exploitation", IOM, June 1996)
* Sweden is used as a
transit country for trafficking Latin American women to brothels in Denmark,
Germany and the Netherlands. (CATW
Fact Book, citing "Trafficking of Women to the European Union", European
Conference on Trafficking in Women, June 1996)
* Women trafficked out
from Thailand to Netherlands, Germany, Japan, Australia, India, Malaysia
and Middle East. (CATW
Fact Book, citing European Conference on Trafficking in Women, Trafficking
of Women to the European Union, June 1996)
* In the Czech Republic,
the growing organised crime networks have engaged in the trafficking of
young women into Western Europe, especially to Germany, Italy, Netherlands
and Greece. The operation uses Slovakia as a transit country.
(CATW
Fact Book, citing "Highway to prostitution", The Euroreporter, 1995)
|
| Child
Prostitution and
Pornography |
ADULT STATISTICS
* 15,000 Russian
and Eastern European women are engaged in prostitution.
(Global
Survival Network, Gillian Caldwell et al, Crime & Servitude, 1997)
*
There are 6,000-8,000 women in prostitution in Hamburg, about 70% of them
are migrant prostitutes and 50% of those are East European women, from
Poland, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Romania and the Czech Republic. The majority
is controlled by pimps, isolated in apartment-brothels and controlled by
Russian mafia organisations.
(CATW
Fact Book, citing Lucia Brussa "Transnational AIDS Prevention Among Migrant
Prostitutes in Europe", TAMPEP, 1996, citing the Hamburg Police Department)
*
There are between 60,000 and 200,000 women in prostitution in Germany.
Foreign women and girls account for about a half of the women in prostitution,
most of them are illegal immigrants. (CATW
Fact Book, citing Michele Hirsch, "Plan of Action Against Trafficking in
Women and Forced Prostitution", Council of Europe, 1996)
GENERAL NOTES
AND OBSERVATIONS
* Most trafficking victims
are women and girls between the ages of 16 and 25 who are forced to work
as prostitutes. (US Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 1999, 25 February 2000)
* Homeless children in
Romania have increasingly been trafficked under false pretenses and forced
into prostitution in Berlin and Hamburg, Germany and Amsterdam, Holland.
(CATW
Fact Book, citing Save the Children, Albert Clack, "Romania: Life on the
Streets", 1998)
* The E55 highway from
Berlin, Germany to Prague, Czech Republic is lined with hundreds of prostituted
women, mostly gypsies or Ukrainians. (CATW
Fact Book, citing "Giving the customer what he wants", Economist, 14 February
1998)
* In Germany, pimps
employ young girls as prostitutes to service truck drivers and travellers
along the borders with Poland and the Czech Republic.
(Global
Survival Network, Gillian Caldwell et al, Crime & Servitude, 1997)
* Several German
citizens have been arrested for sexually exploiting children by producing
pornographic films in Romania and Hungary.
(Global
Survival Network, Gillian Caldwell et al, Crime & Servitude, 1997)
* 15,000 Russians and
Eastern European women are engaged in prostitution in Germany. Solwodi
(Solidarity with Women in Distress), a German NGO working with migrant
prostitutes, estimates the actual number of underage migrant women
working in German sex clubs is much higher.
(Global
Survival Network, Gillian Caldwell et al, Crime & Servitude, 1997)
* In Germany, 75%
of the prostitutes are foreigners. (CATW
Fact Book, citing "Trafficking of Women to the European Union", European
Conference on Trafficking in Women, June 1996)
|
| Children
in Crime |
GENERAL JUVENILE
CRIME STATISTICS
* In 1998 there
were 839,409 reported cases of juvenile crime, representing 13.00%
of all criminal cases. The specific offences were: 205 cases of
murder (7.10% of all murders), 22,165 cases of serious assault (20.10%
of all cases), 691,232 cases of all types of theft (20.40% of all
cases), 313,564 cases of aggravated theft (24.10% of all cases),
20,223 cases of robbery and violent theft (31.40% of all cases),
259,705 cases of breaking and entering (21.00% of all cases), 29,080
cases of theft of motor cars (25.80% of all cases), 396,890 cases
of other theft (20.10% of all cases), 52,207 cases of fraud (6.40%
of all cases), 483 cases of counterfeit currency offences (12.30%
of all cases), 35,752 cases of drug offences (16.50% of all cases)
(INTERPOL, International Crime Statistics
for 1998, citing National
Statistics)
|
| Child
Soldiers |
RECRUITMENT
LAWS AND REGULATIONS
* There are
indications of under-18s in government armed forces as the minimum
recruitment age is 17.
(CSUCS,
Global Report on Child Soldiers - 2001, 12 June 2001)
*
A 17-year-old can be recruited into the armed forces as a volunteer
but cannot participate in hostilities. (CSUCS,
Europe Report, October 1999)
*
The minimum age for conscription is 18 years. (Guy Goodwin-Gill and Ilene Cohn, Child Soldiers, The Role of Children in Armed Conflicts, A Study on Behalf of the Henry Dunant Institute, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1994)
|
| Domestic
Child Servants |
- |
Other
Hazardous
Child Labour |
- |
|
