| Total
Child Labour |
NATIONAL STATISTICS
* For the year
2000, 17500 children between 15-19 years were economically active.
(ILO, Yearbook of Labour Statistics, 2001)
* For the year
2000, the ILO projects that there will be 0 economically active
children between the ages of 10-14. (ILO,
International Labour Office - Bureau of Statistics, Economically
Active Population 1950-2010, STAT Working Paper, ILO 1997)
*
17,800 teenagers between 15-19 years are economically active. (ILO,
Yearbook of Labour Statistics, 1999)
*
In 1995, there were 0 economically active children between the ages
of 10-14. (ILO, International Labour Office - Bureau of Statistics, Economically Active Population 1950-2010, STAT Working Paper, ILO 1997)
GENERAL
NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS
* A significant proportion
of children are exploited. (US Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 1999, 25 February 2000)
* In practice child
employment is widespread. (US Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 1999, 25 February 2000)
|
| Child
Slavery |
- |
| Child
Trafficking |
GENERAL
NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS
* There were no official
reports during the year that persons were trafficked in, to, or from the
country. However, it is generally understood that job advertisements placed
from abroad that request females are in some cases associated with international
prostitution rings. (US Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 2000, February 2001)
* The Church leaders
were illegally bringing young people from Estonia to US to use them as
domestic workers, paying them less than a minimum wage.
("Missionary group members could stand trial
for smuggling children", 9 June 2000, reprinted in Stop Trafficking Archive,
July 2000)
|
| Child
Prostitution and
Pornography |
NATIONAL
STATISTICS
* 1,200 children
are engaged in prostitution. (World
Congress Against Commercial Sexual Exploitation, August 1996)
*
According to official sources there are 2,000 prostitutes in Estonia.
A criminal reporter estimated that the number of minors among these
were about 20-30% while a source at the Ministry of Social Affairs
believed that about half of the prostitutes were minors.
(ECPAT
International, Helena Karlen and Christene Hagnen, Commercial Sexual
Exploitation of Children in Some Eastern European Countries, March
1996)
GENERAL NOTES
AND OBSERVATIONS
* In Estonia,
26% of prostitutes are minors 50% of the exploiters are estimated
to be Estonian and the rest are foreigners, mainly Russin, Swedish
and Finnish nationals. (SIDA, Ministry of Foreign Affairs France
and European Union, Five years after Stockholm, ECPAT International,
2001)
*
Finnish press reports alleged large-scale child prostitution in
Estonia. The Government called these reports exaggerated but admitted
that underage prostitution occurs.
(EI,
EI Barometer on Human and Trade Union Rights in the Education Sector,
1998)
|
| Children
in Crime |
GENERAL JUVENILE
CRIME STATISTICS
* 7.7% of total
prisoners are juveniles. (UNDP,
Human Development Report, 1999)
* In 1998, there
were 8,184 reported cases of juvenile crime, representing 17.90%
of all criminal cases. The specific offences were: 17 cases of murder(7.20%
of all murders), 11 cases of serious assault (2.80% of all cases),
8,545 cases of all types of theft (23.20% of all cases), 6,372 cases
of aggravated theft (23.70% of all cases), 1,062 cases of robbery
and violent theft (27.80% of all cases), 5,848 cases of breaking
and entering (27.40% of all cases), 595 cases of theft of motor
cars (28.30% of all cases), 1,324 cases of other theft (16.90% of
all cases), 113 cases of fraud (5.90% of all cases), 19 cases of
drug offences (8.40% of all cases)
(INTERPOL, International Crime Statistics
for 1998, citing National
Statistics)
|
| Child
Soldiers |
GOVERNMENT
FORCE STATISTICS
* There are approximately
30, 17-year-olds in the Estonian armed forces. (CSUCS,
Europe Report, October 1999, citing Mission of Estonia to the UN, 21 September
1999)
RECRUITMENT
LAWS AND REGULATIONS
* The Permanent Mission
of Estonia in Geneva confirmed that 17-year-olds can volunteer and reported
approximately thirty 17-year-olds in the Estonian armed forces. (CSUCS,
Global Report on Child Soldiers - 2001, 12 June 2001)
* All young men above
the age of 18 years are liable for compulsory military service. 17-year-olds
can start their compulsory military service as a volunteers. (CSUCS,
Europe Report, October 1999, citing Mission of Estonia to the UN, 21 September
1999)
|
| Domestic
Child Servants |
- |
Other
Hazardous
Child Labour |
GENERAL NOTES
AND OBSERVATIONS
* The Church leaders
were illegally bringing young people from Estonia to US to use them
as domestic workers, paying them less than a minimum wage.
("Missionary group members could stand
trial for smuggling children", 9 June 2000, reprinted in Stop Trafficking
Archive, July 2000)
*
There were instances of families forcing their children to engage in begging
and peddling. (US Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 1999, 25 February 2000)
SPECIFIC SECTORS
* Commercial Fishing
- A June report described child labour practice as rampant in 156 fishing
villages along the Afar River and settlements along the Volta Lake in the
Afram plains. (US Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 1999, 25 February 2000)
|
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