| Total
Child Labour |
NATIONAL STATISTICS
* In 1999 almost 1
out of 2 children in the age bracket of 10 to 17 worked. (US Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 2000, February 2001)
* A 1999 report
based on a joint national and World Bank study found that 45% of
children between the ages of 10 and 17 worked at least part-time.
Among children aged 10 to 11, who cannot work legally, 28% worked
at least part-time nation-wide. More than 60% of all children live
in rural areas and do unpaid agricultural work for their families.
(US Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 2000, February 2001 citing World Bank study)
* 30% of children
between the ages of 10-14 work. ("Two
Million Children Work In Guatemala", EFE News Service, 16 September
2000, citing the report on childhood issued by the Guatemalan Archbishop's
Human Rights Office)
* For the year 2000, the ILO projects that there will be 69,000 economically
active children, 16,00 girls and 43,000 boys between the ages of 10-14,
representing 4.31% of this age group. (ILO, International Labour Office - Bureau of Statistics, Economically Active Population 1950-2010, STAT Working Paper, ILO 1997)
* 68,674 children between 10-14 years and 325,659 between 15-19 years are
economically active. (ILO, Yearbook of Labour Statistics, 1999)
* The economically active population between the ages of 10-14 years is
420,663. (ILO-IPEC, El trabajo infantil en America Latina - CD-ROM,
August 1999)
* 47,913 children are economically active. (ILO, Yearbook of Labour Statistics,
1998)
* A 1997 UNICEF report estimated that 37% of the 2.1 million children between
the ages of 10-17 worked. (US Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 1999, 25 February 2000)
* 32.5% of 10-14-year-olds are economically active. (ILO,
Child Labour: What Is To Be Done?, June 1996)
* In the 10-11 age group, 38.3% of children in rural areas are
economically active and 12.7% of children in urban areas. (ILO,
Child Labour: What Is To Be Done?, June 1996)
* There are an estimated 487,945 child workers. (ICFTU,
No Time to Play, 1996, citing official census estimates)
* In 1995, there were 73,000 economically active children between
the ages of 10-14, representing 5.43% of this age group. Of these,
19,000 were girls and 53,000 were boys. (ILO, International Labour Office - Bureau of Statistics, Economically Active Population 1950-2010, STAT Working Paper, ILO 1997)
*
63.5% of the working children between the ages of 12-14 years are
unpaid family workers.
GENERAL NOTES
AND OBSERVATIONS
* Child labour
was not prohibited and hundreds of children could be seen working
in the street and thus contributing to family income. (CEDAW, Sessional/Annual
Report, 1994)
* Children aged 8-11 years were working 40 hours a week.
(CEDAW,
Sessional/Annual Report, 1994)
|
| Child
Slavery |
GENERAL NOTES
AND OBSERVATIONS
* The law prohibits forced or bonded labour by children, and there were
no reports of such practices. (US Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 1999, 25 February 2000)
* Children are being
trafficked from Ecuador to Venezuela. The children work in virtual slavery
conditions as street vendors, domestic workers and prostitutes. They are
abducted, sold by parents or lured by false promises.
(CATW Fact Book, citing Vladimir Villegas,
Congressional Human Rights Commission, Estrella Gutierrez, "Child Traffic
in Venezuela Tip of the Iceberg", IPS, 11 January 1998)
|
| Child
Trafficking |
GENERAL NOTES
AND OBSERVATIONS
* According
to the UN Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution
and child pornography in 1998, and the Spanish government reported
the existence of an organised network exploiting foreign minors,
especially from Ecuador. This involved trafficking in minors, mainly
girls between 13 and 17 years of age, this network exploited the
minors economically (making handicrafts) and not for the purposes
of child prostitution. (ECPAT,
CSEC Database, http://www.ecpat.net/eng/ecpat_inter/projects/monitoring/online_database/index.asp)
* Children are being
trafficked from Ecuador to Venezuela. The children work in virtual slavery
conditions as street vendors, domestic workers and prostitutes. They are
abducted, sold by parents or lured by false promises.
(CATW Fact Book, citing Vladimir Villegas,
Congressional Human Rights Commission, Estrella Gutierrez, "Child Traffic
in Venezuela Tip of the Iceberg", IPS, 11 January 1998)
* The second largest
migrant group of women in prostitution in Germany is from Latin America,
mostly from the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela and Brazil.
Dominican women are confined to apartments, while those from Ecuador work
in the street, or in bars and cabarets. (CATW
Fact Book, citing Licia Brussa, "Transnational AIDS Prevention Among Migrant
Prostitutes in Europe", TAMPEP, 1996)
|
| Child
Prostitution and
Pornography |
GENERAL NOTES
AND OBSERVATIONS
* There are instances of prostitution by girls under 18 years
of age in urban areas. (US Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 1999, 25 February 2000)
* Ecuador has a well-documented child sex trade with the thriving
sex tourism sector. (June Kane, Sold for Sex, Aren Ashgate Publising Limited Gower House, 1998)
* Children are being trafficked from Ecuador to Venezuela. The
children work in virtual slavery conditions as prostitutes. (CATW
Fact Book, citing Vladimir Villegas, Congressional Human Rights
Commission, Estrella Gutierrez, "Child Traffic in Venezuela Tip
of the Iceberg", IPS, 11 January 1998)
* Child victims
of prostitution are present in large numbers.
(US Dept of Labor, Prostitution of
Children, 1996)
|
| Children
in Crime |
GENERAL JUVENILE
CRIME STATISTICS
* In 1998 there
were 9,454 reported cases of juvenile crime, representing 13.42%
of all criminal cases. The specific offences were: 245 cases of
murder (9.10% of all
murders), 343 cases of serious assault (7.32% of all cases), 6,908
cases of all types of theft (12.96% of all cases), 2,412 cases of
aggravated theft (10.09% of all cases), 1,043 cases of robbery and
violent theft (12.05% of all cases), 307 cases of breaking and entering
(2.02% of all cases), 110 cases of theft of motor cars (1.48% of
all cases), 3,810 cases of other theft (17.36% of all cases), 232
cases of fraud. (2.97% of all cases), 4.55% of all cases for counterfeit
currency offences 3.44% of all cases for drug offences
(INTERPOL, International Crime Statistics
for 1998, citing National
Statistics)
|
| Child
Soldiers |
RECRUITMENT
LAWS AND REGULATIONS
* The Permanent Mission
of Ecuador to the United Nations Office in Geneva informed the Coalition
in March 2001 that "there are no individuals under 18 serving in the
Ecuadorian Armed Forces", nor does the Government have evidence of
individuals under 18 years of age participating in military activities
in Ecuadorian territory. (CSUCS,
Global Report on Child Soldiers - 2001, 12 June 2001 citing the Permanent
Mission of Ecuador to the United Nations Office in Geneva)
* The minimum age
for conscription is 19 years. (Guy Goodwin-Gill and Ilene Cohn, Child Soldiers, The Role of Children in Armed Conflicts, A Study on Behalf of the Henry Dunant Institute, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1994)
|
| Domestic
Child Servants |
NATIONAL
STATISTICS
* 20% of girls between
the ages of 10 and 14 work as domestics. The percentages rise as high as
43.8% in rural areas. (ILO-IPEC,
Child Domestic Workers, 1998)
GENERAL NOTES
AND OBSERVATIONS
* Children are being
trafficked from Ecuador to Venezuela. The children work in virtual slavery
conditions as domestic workers. (CATW
Fact Book, citing Vladimir Villegas, Congressional Human Rights Commission,
Estrella Gutierrez, "Child Traffic in Venezuela Tip of the Iceberg", IPS,
11 January 1998)
|
Other
Hazardous
Child Labour |
GENERAL NOTES
AND OBSERVATIONS
* Many children under
14 years of age work in the informal sector, shining shoes, collecting
and recycling garbage, or as street peddlers.
(US Dept of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 1999, 25 February 2000)
* Children are
being trafficked from Ecuador to Venezuela. The children work in
virtual slavery conditions as street vendors, domestic workers and
prostitutes. They are abducted, sold by parents or lured by false
promises. (CATW
Fact Book, citing Vladimir Villegas, Congressional Human Rights
Commission, Estrella Gutierrez, "Child Traffic in Venezuela Tip
of the Iceberg", IPS, 11 January 1998)
SPECIFIC SECTORS
* Plantation Workers - In Ecuador, where Human Rights Watch interviewed
forty-five children who had worked on banana plantations in early
2001, we learned that girls working in banana packing plants routinely
experience sexual harassment in the workplace. (HRW,
World Report 2001)
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