TOTAL POPULATION 50,101,000
CHILD POPULATION 16,533,330 |
Population Reference Bureau -2004 |
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TOTAL CHILD LABOUR
No confirmed figures are available. However, economically active children could give an estimate of the problem. In 2000, there were 1152000 economically active children in the age group 10-14 as per the ILO |
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ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE POPULATION
There are about 25,682,000 economically active people in Myanmar, with 1,152,000 children in the age group 10-14 are also earning in 2000. By 2010, the number of children earning is estimated to come down to 1,022,000 |
ILO, Bureau of Statistics, Economically Active Population |
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GENDER RATIO
1010 females for 1000 males |
CIA, factbook-2005 (Fig is an estimate for 2005) |
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CHILDREN OUT OF SCHOOL
9683,000 children of the primary school going age of 6-11 are out of school in Myanmar |
UNESCO's EFA Global Monitoring Report 2005 |
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PROGRESS ON PRIMARY EDUCATION MDG
With an EDI of 0.805, the progress on total primary education by 2015 is medium |
UNESCO's EFA Global Monitoring Report 2005 |
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CHILD SLAVERY
The law does not specifically prohibit forced and bonded labor by children, and forced labor by children continued to be a serious problem |
US Dept. of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices- 2004, February 2005 |
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CHILD TRAFFICKING
Burmese children (primarily from the country’s ethnic minority populations) are trafficked to Thailand, China, Bangladesh, Taiwan, India, Malaysia, Korea, Macau, and Japan for forced labor — including commercial labor — involuntary domestic servitude, and sexual exploitation. To a lesser extent, Burma is a destination for women from the People’s Republic of China (P.R.C.) who are trafficked for commercial sexual exploitation. |
US Dept. of State, Trafficking in Persons Report 2005 |
| It has been estimated, for example, that some 20,000 children aged 3–16 years from Myanmar currently work in Thailand as beggars, street sellers, or rubbish pickers, with many older girls (i.e., 12–19 years) working as sex workers |
At the Margins: Street Children in Asia and the Pacific by Andrew West |
Shan and other ethnic minority women and girls were trafficked across the border from the north; Karen and Mon women and girls were trafficked from the south. Men and boys also reportedly were trafficked to other countries for sexual exploitation and labor.
While most observers believed that the number of these victims was at least several thousand per year, there were no reliable estimates. |
US Dept. of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices- 2004, February 2005 |
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CHILD PROSTITUTION & PRONOGRAPHY
Internal trafficking of women and girls for sexual exploitation occurs from villages to urban centers and other areas, such as truck stops, fishing villages, border towns, and mining and military camps. |
US Dept. of State, Trafficking in Persons Report 2005 |
| Child prostitution and trafficking in girls for the purpose of prostitution especially Shan girls who were sent or lured to Thailand continued to be a major problem. |
US Dept. of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices- 2004, February 2005 |
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CHILDREN USED IN CRIME
A report commissioned by the UN Office on Drugs and Crime said that Burma, China and the Philippines were the top producers of methamphetamine hydrochloride in the world. |
The use of children in the production, sales and trafficking of drugs, A synthesis of participatory action oriented research programmes in Indonesia, Phillipines and Thailand, ILO-IPEC, Sep 2004 |
| Amphetamine-type substances are common in Cambodia, Thailand, and Viet Nam. Millions of such pills are manufactured in factories along the Myanmar-Thailand border. Heroin and other opium-based substances also are available and used, with established drug trafficking networks |
At the Margins: Street Children in Asia and the Pacific By Andrew West |
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CHILD SOLDIERS
A 2002 investigation by Human Rights Watch found that as many as seventy thousand children under the age of eighteen may be serving in Burma’s national armed forces. |
Human Rights Watch, World Report 2005 |
| Child soldiers, mostly aged between 12 and 18, were forced to take part in combat and subjected to harsh living conditions and beatings. Several thousand were estimated to remain in the ranks of armed political groups who recruited and used child soldiers. |
CSUCS, Global Report on Child Soldiers, 2004 |
| Ethnic minority insurgent groups also forcibly conscripted child soldiers, and there were numbers of child soldiers with these forces, particularly the United Wa State Army. |
US Dept. of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices- 2004, February 2005 |
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CHILD LABOUR IN UNORGANISED SECTOR
In the urban informal sector, child workers were found mostly in food processing, street vending, refuse collecting, light manufacturing, and as tea shop attendants. According to 2002 official statistics, 6 percent of urban children worked, but only 4 percent of working children earned wages; many were employed in family enterprises.
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US Dept. of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices- 2004, February 2005 |
